A Progressive Cavity Pump (PCP) drivehead plays a vital role in surface-driven artificial lift systems by converting rotational energy into fluid movement. It begins with the torque transmission, where a prime mover rotates the drive shaft, which connects to the sucker rod string. This torque travels downhole to turn the PCP rotor, creating cavities that lift fluids to the surface. The drivehead also manages axial loads, using its bearings and frame to absorb the rod string’s weight and resistance from fluid movement. Through speed control systems—either electronic or hydraulic—the drivehead adjusts RPM to optimize production and reduce wear. Built-in safety functions, such as torque limiters and backspin control devices, protect the system from damage due to overloads or sudden shutdowns.

The drivehead integrates with various components, including the downhole PCP, sucker rods, tubing, and gas separators. Ancillary equipment like tubing anchors, centralizers, and monitoring systems enhance performance and reliability. In a typical setup, the prime mover connects to a gear reducer, which drives a shaft through the stuffing box and into the wellhead. A rod clamp secures the sucker rods, and a torque limiter adds overload protection. While not visible, a control panel governs speed and safety protocols.

• Prime Mover: an electric or hydraulic motor that supplies the rotational energy to drive the pump. It’s selected based on torque needs, with common sizes like 30 HP for standard wells.

• Wellhead Drive Unit: contains the drive shaft and heavy-duty bearings to handle the axial loads from the rod string. It also includes a split-seal stuffing box to prevent fluid leakage during operation.

• Power Transmission System: gear reducers or belt drives adjust torque and rotational speed between the motor and the drive shaft. This allows for fine-tuning of pump RPM to match well conditions.

• Torque Limiter / Safety Devices: protects the system by disengaging the motor if torque suddenly spikes, such as during a rotor jam. A backspin control mechanism prevents uncontrolled reverse rotation when the system is powered down.

• Rod Clamp Assembly: secures the sucker rod string to the drive shaft using clamps and bolts. This ensures reliable torque transfer to the downhole pump.

• Stuffing Box: seals the annular space around the drive shaft with replaceable split seals. It’s essential for preventing leaks and maintaining safe, clean operation at the surface.